This paper describes threats to making valid causal inferences about pandemic impacts on student learning based on cross-year comparisons of average test scores. The paper uses Spring 2021 test score ...
Valo Health, Inc. ("Valo"), a pioneer in the use of human data and AI to accelerate drug discovery and development, today ...
We know that correlation does not imply causation, but careful analyses of correlations are often our only way to quantify cause and effect in domains ranging from healthcare to education. This ...
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